Present cross sectional study was conducted to assess the nutritional and health status on 379 (180 Gond
and 199 Kawar) tribal preschool children of Chhattisgarh, India. The studied children were compared with other tribal
and caste preschool children of the same area. Nutrition and health assessment was done through diet survey,
nutritional deficiency signs and also by nutritional anthropometric indices such as weight for age, height for age and
weight for height. The study reveals that there were lower consumption in several macro and micro nutrients intake
compared to Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) of India, which may be reflected through high prevalence of
nutritional deficiency signs among them. According to nutritional anthropometric indices, both sexes of Gond and
Kawar preschool children were suffered by different grades of malnutrition within which girls were suffered comparatively
more than boys specifically among Gond tribe. Irrespective of sex, Gond preschool children were suffered more by
malnutrition compared to Kawar preschool children. Whereas present Gond and Kawar children were suffered more
by malnutrition compared to the Brahmin preschool children of Central India, specifically on the basis of height for
age index. The amount of macro and micro nutrients consumption of both present as well as others tribal preschool
children in Central India were more or less same. All the observations suggest that just like other tribal children of
Central India, the studied children also have insufficient nutrition intake, which may be due to mother’s illiteracy, lack
of awareness and other socioeconomic and cultural factors. Therefore, future studies should be undertaken to identify
the factors responsible for the high prevalence of malnutrition among them.